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Basics of Mechanical Ventilation
Hooman Poor
Verlag Springer-Verlag, 2018
ISBN 9783319899817 , 136 Seiten
Format PDF, OL
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Geräte
Preface
6
Contents
8
Chapter 1: Respiratory Mechanics
10
Lung Volume
10
Transpulmonary Pressure
11
Spontaneous Breathing
12
Inspiration
12
Expiration
15
Modeling the Respiratory System
16
Suggested Readings
19
Chapter 2: Phase Variables
20
Anatomy of a Breath
20
Trigger
21
Time Trigger
21
Patient Trigger
22
Assist-Control
25
Target
27
Flow Target
28
Pressure Target
29
Flow Vs. Pressure Target
30
Cycle
34
Baseline
35
Suggested Readings
36
Chapter 3: Basic Modes of Ventilation
37
Volume-Controlled Ventilation
37
Pressure-Controlled Ventilation
38
Pressure Support Ventilation
41
Volume-Controlled Ventilation Vs. Pressure-Controlled Ventilation
43
Pressure-Controlled Ventilation Vs. Pressure Support Ventilation
45
Suggested Readings
46
Chapter 4: Monitoring Respiratory Mechanics
47
Two-Component Model
47
Airway Pressures
50
Diagnostic Algorithm
52
Suggested Readings
56
Chapter 5: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
57
Volutrauma
58
Barotrauma
59
Atelectrauma
60
Permissive Hypercapnia
63
Suggested Readings
68
Chapter 6: Obstructive Lung Diseases
69
Breath Stacking and Auto-PEEP
69
Ventilator Management Strategies
76
Assist-Control
79
Volume-Controlled Ventilation
79
Pressure-Controlled Ventilation
80
Pressure Support Ventilation
81
Suggested Readings
81
Chapter 7: Patient-Ventilator Dyssynchrony
82
Trigger-Related Dyssynchrony
82
Ineffective Triggering
83
Extra Triggering
94
Target-Related Dyssynchrony
95
Cycle-Related Dyssynchrony
96
Suggested Readings
100
Chapter 8: Indications for Mechanical Ventilation
101
Increased Work of Breathing
101
Increased Demand
104
Neuromuscular Weakness
106
Alveolar Hypoventilation
106
Hypoxemia
107
Airway Protection
108
Suggested Readings
109
Chapter 9: Weaning from the Ventilator
110
Assessing Readiness to Wean
110
Spontaneous Breathing Trial
111
T-Piece Trial
112
Pressure Support Ventilation
114
Cuff Leak Test
117
Suggested Readings
119
Chapter 10: Hemodynamic Effects of Mechanical Ventilation
120
Cardiopulmonary System
120
Intrathoracic Pressure
122
Preload
123
Afterload
124
Specific Hemodynamic Conditions
128
Hypovolemia
129
Left Ventricular Failure
129
Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Ventricular Failure
131
Suggested Readings
132
Index
133
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