Addressing the Challenges in Communicating Climate Change Across Various Audiences

Preface

Contents

1 An Overview of the Challenges in Climate Change Communication Across Various Audiences

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Challenges in Communicating Climate Change

3 Moving Forward

References

2 Climate Change Engagement: A Different Narrative

Abstract

1 Introduction

1.1 Building the Future

2 Calls for Public Engagement and Broad Partnerships Around Climate Change and Sustainability

2.1 What the Public Think—and Do—About Climate Change

2.2 And What People Think Other People Think About Social Problems

3 How Museums Can Create Public Value Around Climate Change

3.1 The Challenge of Climate Change Engagement

3.2 The Purpose of Climate Change Programming

3.3 Redefining Engagement

3.4 Elements of a New Story—A Set of ‘Shoulds’ for Museums and the Society They Serve

4 Considering Climate Change in Interpretation and Engagement—Some Examples

5 Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

3 When Facts Lie: The Impact of Misleading Numbers in Climate Change News

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Theoretical Framework

2.1 Misinformation and Its Effects

2.2 Misinformation in Climate Change Communication

2.3 Anchoring Effects

3 Methodology

3.1 Experimental Design

3.2 Research Procedure

3.3 Stimulus Material

3.4 Measurement

4 Results

5 Additional Analysis

6 Discussion

7 Limitations

8 Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

4 From Awareness to Action: Taking into Consideration the Role of Emotions and Cognition for a Stage Toward a Better Communication of Climate Change

Abstract

1 Introduction

1.1 General Context

1.2 Previous Work

1.3 Scope and Contribution

1.4 Description of the Paper

2 Assessments of Climate Change Communication

2.1 Theory of Change and the Different Stages of Change

2.2 Taking into Account Emotion and Cognition for Taking Sustainable Action

2.2.1 Information Is not Enough to Make a Behavioural Change

2.2.2 Emotional States Faced to Climate Change Informations

3 Analyses of Some Classical Communication Advices in Order to Take Action Regarding Emotion and Cognitive Mechanisms

3.1 Making an Integrable Message: Choosing the Information Support

3.1.1 Be Consistent

3.1.2 Pick up Carefully Your Terminology

3.1.3 Talk to Both Rational and Emotional Brain

3.1.4 Propose Concrete and Feasible Actions

3.2 Making a Suitable Message: Knowing the Receiver

3.3 Providing a Meaningful Message: Promoting Both Positive and Realistic Vision

4 Conclusion and Perspective

4.1 Take Home Message

4.2 Future Prospects

References

5 Strengthening Personal Concern and the Willingness to Act Through Climate Change Communication

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Concern About Climate Change and Its Impacts

3 Implementing Climate-Friendly Behaviour

4 Method

4.1 Previous Study

4.2 Mixed-Method Approach

5 Results—The Paralysed

5.1 Quantitative Analysis

5.2 Qualitative Analysis

6 Results—The Charitables

6.1 Quantitative Analysis

6.2 Qualitative Analysis

7 Implications for Climate Change Communication

7.1 Implications for Climate Change Communication with the Paralysed Group

7.2 Implications for Climate Change Communication with the Charitables Group

8 Discussion

9 Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

6 Philippine Private Sector Engagement Beyond Climate Change Awareness

Abstract

1 Overview: Climate Change as a Development Issue

2 Addressing Climate Change in the Philippines

3 Research Focus: Private Sector Participation in Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

4 Private Sector Engagement (PSE) in Addressing Climate Change Concerns

5 Private Sector Engagement (PSE) in the Philippines

6 The Messages in Doing Climate Change Solutions of Some Private Companies

7 Concluding Statement

References

PS Initiatives/Cases:

Climate Change Messages

7 Lessons Learned About the Hindering Factors for Regional Cooperation Towards the Mitigation of Climate Change

Abstract

1 Climate Change, Denial or Acknowledgment

2 Industrial Symbiosis as a Tool of Industrial Ecology to Assist Climate Change Mitigation

3 Challenges and Issues of Climate Change Mitigation as a Common Goal in the Black Sea Region

4 Regional Cooperation in the Black Sea Basin

5 Methodology of the Study

6 Results with Lessons to Take Home

7 Conclusion

References

8 Avoiding Dispatches from Hell: Communicating Extreme Events in a Persuasive, Proactive Context

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Pictures of Hell: A Counterproductive Communication Strategy

3 What’s Better Than Hell: A More Positive Context

4 Communicating Extreme Events: How Do You Make a Disaster “Positive”?

5 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

9 Blogging Climate Change: A Case Study

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Blogs as a New Medium of Climate Change Communication

3 Our Blog—Climate Footnotes

4 Our Experience with Blogging Climate Change

4.1 Translating Scientific Data into Simple Terms

4.2 Providing Perspectives on Current Events

4.3 Role of Language

4.4 Interactive Communication

4.5 Focussing on Topics Close to Home

4.6 Weblog Ethics

4.7 Readership and Promotion

5 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

10 Creative Collaborations: Museums Engaging with Communities and Climate Change

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Cultural Dynamics of Climate Change

3 Recognising a Changing Pacific

4 Collaborating in Sydney

5 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

11 Climate ChangeS Cities—A Project to Enhance Students’ Evaluation and Action Competencies Concerning Climate Change Impacts on Cities

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Climate Change Impacts and Climate Adaptation in German Cities

3 About the Project

3.1 Methodical-Didactical Approach

3.2 Example Module: Urban Mobility in Times of Climate Change

3.3 Rethinking Climate Change Communication

4 Accompanying Scientific Research

4.1 Combined Learning Spheres as Motivational Triggers?

4.2 Intervention-Based Efficacy Study on the Development of Action Competence

4.3 Behavior-Based Environmental Attitude

5 First Insights

6 Outlook

References

12 Degree Programs on Climate Change in Philippine Universities: Factors that Favor Institutionalization

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Research Objectives

3 Methodology and Scope

4 Findings

4.1 The Philippine Universities

4.2 HEI Vision and Mission Statements

4.3 Degree Programs Related to Climate Change

4.4 Research and Extension Programs

4.5 HEI Support Facilities

4.6 Awards and Recognition

5 Conclusion

6 Way Forward

Acknowledgements

References

13 Climate Change Communication to Safeguard Cultural Heritage

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Communication on Long Timescales: Risk Assessment

2.1 General Risk Assessment Concept

2.2 Tailored Climate Change and Extreme Event Information

3 Communication on Short Timescales: Resilient Communication During and After Extreme Events

4 Discussion

5 Conclusion and Outlook

Acknowledgements

References

14 Capacity Development to Support Planning and Decision Making for Climate Change Response in Kenya

Abstract

1 Introduction

1.1 Rationale

2 Capacity Development for Climate Change Response

3 Training Program Development Process

3.1 Curriculum Development

3.2 Facilitators Manual Development

3.3 Training of Facilitators (ToF)

4 Climate Change Training Program Description

4.1 Program Introduction

5 Training Program Rollout—Inaugural Training

5.1 Participant Selection

5.2 Facilitation Selection and Training Material Preparation

5.3 Training Sessions

5.4 Limitations

5.5 Lessons Learnt

5.6 Recommendations

6 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

15 Climate Change Litigation: A Powerful Strategy for Enhancing Climate Change Communication

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Significant Climate Change Cases

2.1 Urgenda v. The Netherlands

2.2 Leghari v. Pakistan

2.3 Lliuya v. RWE

3 Telling Stories in CCL and Promoting the Visibility of Climate Change

4 Visualising and Understanding the Science of Climate Change Through CCL

5 Educating People and Stimulating Public Debate: Two Additional Positive Effects of CCL

6 Conclusion

Funding Acknowledgement

References

Court Decisions

16 Transnational and Postcolonial Perspectives on Communicating Climate Change Through Theater

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Diagnosing the Ills of Climate Change Communication

3 Climate Change Theatre Action 2015, 2017, and Beyond

4 Conclusion

Works Cited

17 Climate Change Communication: A Friendly for Users App

Abstract

1 Introduction

1.1 Mobile Learning (m-Learning)

1.2 Climate Change Education (CCE)

1.3 Environmental Education (EE) and m-Learning

1.4 Climate Change Communication (CCC)

1.5 Climate Change Communication Using Mobile Applications

1.6 Raising Environmental Awareness Using Mobile Applications as Tools

2 The Case of “Climapp”

3 Conclusions

References

18 Linaria Port: An Interactive Tool for Climate Change Awareness in Greece

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Ports and Climate Change

3 Methodology

4 Linaria Port—An Innovative Way to Communicate and Educate

4.1 The Guest Book of Linaria Port

4.2 Observatory of Sustainable Tourism

4.3 Marine Observatory

5 Environmental Kid’s Camp in Linaria Port

6 Discussions

7 Conclusions

References

19 Communicating Sustainability: Promoting a Self-assessment Tool for Eco-villages

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Sustainability in Eco-villages

2.1 Environment

2.2 Social/Culture

2.3 Economy

3 Sustainability Assessment

3.1 Available Tools

3.1.1 Self-audit for Eco-villages and Communities

3.1.2 Three-Tier Sustainability Indicator Model

3.1.3 Community Sustainability Assessment Tool

3.1.4 Eco-village Sustainability Self Evaluation Test

3.1.5 Wheel of Sustainability

3.1.6 Direction Indicator for Sustainable Communities (DISC)

4 Methodology

4.1 Analysis of Current Tools

4.2 Synthesis Approach for a New Tool

5 Limitations

6 Conclusion

Appendix

References

20 Climate Change Education Through DST in the Age Group “10–13” in Greece

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Background—Literature Review

2.1 Climate Change—Communication

2.2 Storytelling

2.3 DST

2.4 Pixton (Comic Authoring Tool)

3 Methodology

3.1 Approach—Methods—Research Performed

4 Sample

5 Questionnaires

6 Learning Tool (Pixton) and Activities

7 Results

8 Discussion

9 Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

21 Klima|Anlage—Performing Climate Data

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Auditory Display of Climate Phenomena

2.1 Displaying Data via Sound

2.2 Climate Related Media Projects

3 The Klima|Anlage

3.1 Climate Model Data

3.2 Selecting the Data Ranges for the Klima|Anlage

3.3 Generating the Sound

4 Exhibitions

5 Discussion and Outlook

Acknowledgements

References

22 Media Based Education and Motivation Through Phrasing: Can They Affect Climate Change Willingness?

Abstract

1 Introduction

1.1 Climate Change Communication

1.2 Media-Based Education and Behavior Change

1.3 Compliance with Assertive Language

2 Methodology

3 Results

3.1 Correlation Between TPEB/TPVPEB/Tenvatt

3.2 Paired Samples t-Test

3.3 Paired-Sample t-Test

3.4 Independent-Sample t-Test Between Males and Females Concerning Their Willingness for Active Participation in Environmental Decision Making

3.5 Independent-Sample t-Test Between People that Grew up in Rural Versus Urban Areas

3.6 Gender and Choice

4 Discussion

5 Conclusion

6 Limitations

References

23 The “Paris Lifestyle”—Bridging the Gap Between Science and Communication by Analysing and Quantifying the Role of Target Groups for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: An Interdisciplinary Approach

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Development of Impact-Based Lifestyle Identification Approach

2.1 Limitations of Attitude-Based Models

2.2 Methodology and Added Value of an Impact-Based Model

2.3 Energy Demand Versus Greenhouse Gas Emissions

3 Research Methods, Data, and Analysis Strategy

3.1 Dataset Used

3.1.1 Sociodemographics and Attitudinal Variables

3.2 Model Development

3.2.1 Choice of Clustering Method and Model

4 Characterisation of 6 Lifestyle Groups

4.1 Lifestyle 1: “Mobile Performers” (14.5%)

4.2 Lifestyle 2: “Uncommitted” (9.4%)

4.3 Lifestyle 3: “Settled” (13.4%)

4.4 Lifestyle 4: “Educated Cosmopolitans” (13.4%)

4.5 Lifestyle 5: “Economically Restricted” (29.5%)

4.6 Lifestyle 6: “Underprivileged” (19.8%)

5 The Way to a “Paris Lifestyle”

5.1 “Paris Lifestyle” Is not (yet) a Zero-Carbon Lifestyle

6 Discussion

7 Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Online Sources

24 Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation in Infrastructure Planning—Lessons Learned from Knowledge Transfer and Communication

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Background

3 Methodological Approach

3.1 Research Design

3.2 Finding Thematic Entry Points—Content Analysis of EIA Practice

3.3 Identifying Barriers and Entry Points—Interviews with EIA Actors

3.4 Engagement in the Development of Support Tools—Stakeholder Workshops

3.5 Limitations

4 Results

4.1 Inform

4.2 Consult

4.3 Engage

5 Discussion and Outlook

6 Conclusion

References

25 A Mobile-Guided Smart-Safari on an Extracurricular Location

Abstract

1 Introduction

1.1 Geobotany and Scientific Discovery as a Link Between the School Subjects Geography and Biology

2 Guided Discovery with Digital Media

2.1 Designing the Learning Program: Challenges, Methods and Principles

3 Evaluation Methods

4 Mixed-Methods Design

5 Results

6 Utility: Challenges of the Botanical Garden

7 Future Prospects and Conclusion

References

26 Creating Change in the United States’ Museum Field: Using Summits, Standards, and Hashtags to Advance Environmental Sustainability and Climate Change Response

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

3 The Standards Discussion

4 Creating Characteristics of Excellence

5 How Can We Create and Accelerate a Movement?

6 A Mantra

7 Hashtags, in the Absence of Standards

8 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

27 The Possible Museum: Anticipating Future Scenarios

Abstract

1 The Possible Museum Depends on the Possibility of a Liveable Planet

2 An Underlying Hypothesis

3 Museums Consist of Meshes of Imagination and Experience

4 The Possible Museum Will Be Generated from What Is Latent Now

5 A Possible Pivot to Ecological Thinking About History

6 Climate Change, Predatory Delay and the Truth

7 Thinking About the Radically Uncertain Future

8 Museums Imagining Their Futures: Breaking Out of Thinking Habits

9 Scenario Planning as Management Technique

10 A Note on Climate Change as a Driver for Change

11 Results: How Are Museums Doing Anticipatory Work Now?

12 Conclusions: An Emerging Possibility of More Possible Museums

References

28 The Views of Citizens on the Issue of Participation in Confronting Climate Change: The Case of Greece

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Review of Literature

3 Methodology

3.1 Research Area

3.2 The Questionnaire of the Research—Sample of the Research

3.3 Statistical Evaluation of Data

4 Results

4.1 Trust of Citizens Towards the Bodies Involved with Confronting Climate Change (Q1)

4.2 Activities Citizens are Prepared to Engage in for Combating Climate Change (Q2)

4.3 Means of Communication Which Citizens Use in Order to Obtain Information on Climate Change (Q3)

4.4 Factors Which Influence the Participation of Citizens in Activities on Climate Change

4.5 Cluster of Citizens and Characteristics of Each Cluster

5 Discussion

6 Conclusions

References

29 Treasuring Evaporation: The Radical Challenge of a Museum of Water

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 “It’s Public Commons!”

3 Mosaic of the Universe

4 Beginnings

5 Specific and Particular

6 Tool for Survival

7 Privilege

8 Careful Listening

9 Australia

10 A Museum of Whaaat? The Radical Challenge of Water

11 Museum of Evanescence

12 The Water Bar

13 Conclusion

Post Script

References

30 Effectiveness of Communication Strategies in Confronting Climate Change: The Views of the Citizens of Greece

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Review of Literature

3 Methodology

3.1 Research Area

3.2 Questionnaire and Research Sample

3.3 Calculation of Sample Size

4 Results

4.1 Socio-demographic Features of the Sample

4.2 Citizen Satisfaction from the Concerned Parties and the Activities of Government Agencies in Confronting Climate Change

4.3 Citizen Satisfaction from the Activities of Governmental Bodies

4.4 Satisfaction Factors Through the Activities of Concerned Parties

4.5 Clustering of Citizens Through Common Features

5 Discussion

6 Conclusions

References

31 Climate Hack: Rapid Prototyping New Displays in Multi-disciplinary Museums

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 An Introduction to the Climate Hack

3 Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology

4 Museum of Zoology

5 Whipple Museum of the History of Science

6 Polar Museum

7 Evaluation

8 Conclusion

References

32 Planning a Life Cycle Analysis Library and Beta Tool for Sustainable Cultural Heritage Preservation and Exhibition Practices

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Sustainability in Collection Care

3 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

3.1 Development and Implementation

3.2 Standards

3.3 Components

3.4 Categories of Environmental Impact

4 Research Process

4.1 Cultural Heritage LCA Tool for Sustainable Practices

4.1.1 Developing the Beta Tool

4.1.2 LCA Beta Tool Categories

4.1.3 LCA Beta Tool Use

4.2 LCA Library: Three Representative Case Studies

5 Discussion

6 Conclusions

References

33 Moving Forward in Climate Change Communication: Recommendations for Rethinking Strategies and Frames

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Methodology

2.1 Empirical Study 1: Online Survey with CC Communicators

2.2 Empirical Study 2: Meta-analysis of status quo in Expert Interviews and Synthesis of Results

3 Results: Status quo of CCC Taking the Example of Austria

3.1 CC Communicators

3.2 Target Groups

3.3 Targets of Communicators

3.4 Climate Topics

3.5 CCC Formats

4 Results: Challenges in CCC

4.1 C1: Neglected Target Audiences

4.2 C2: Neglected Climate Topics

4.3 C3: Challenges in Messaging

4.4 C4: Dealing with Uncertainty

5 Discussion and Derivation of Recommendations for Future CCC Activities

5.1 Carry Out Trainings on CCC (R1)

5.2 Institutionalise CCC (R2)

5.3 Foster Networking and Exchange of Experience (R3)

5.4 Break Down Complex Information for Relevant Target Groups and Sectors (R4)

5.5 Address Target Groups with Leverage Effect (R5)

5.6 Build Dialogues and Involve Stakeholders Actively (R6)

5.7 Bridge the Awareness-Action Gap with Impactful Climate Action (R7)

5.8 Build Connections to Every-Day Life (R8)

5.9 Highlight Knowledge with High Certainty (R9)

6 Conclusions and Outlook

Acknowledgements

References

34 A Quest for Green: An Analysis of Environmental and Other Appeals in Pakistani Ads

Abstract

1 Introduction

1.1 Climate Change Communication

1.2 Climate Change Communication and Advertising

1.3 Green Appeal

1.4 Pakistan and Climate Change Communication

2 Rational

3 Research Questions

4 Review of Literature

4.1 Research Methodology

4.1.1 Universe

4.1.2 Sample

4.1.3 Unit of Analysis

4.2 Operationalization of Variables

4.2.1 Levels of Green Appeal

4.2.2 Frequency of Green Appeal

4.2.3 Non-Green Appeal

5 Results

5.1 Analysis of Ads of Housing Schemes

5.2 Analysis of Ads of Automobiles

6 Discussion

7 Future Prospects

8 Limitations

9 Conclusion

References

35 Environmental Entrepreneurship: Adapting Our Museums for a Greener Future

Abstract

1 Suitable Workspace

2 Green Technology and Material Selection

3 Energy Consumption and Management Practices

4 Communicating Environmentalism

5 Conclusions

References

36 Communicating Climate Change: Reactions to Adapt and Survive Exhibition and Visitors’ Thoughts About Climate Change in the Pacific Islands Region

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Background to the Research and Research Methods

3 The Exhibition

4 Image-Making and Animation

5 Audience/Exhibition Viewers’ Perceptions

6 Limitations of the Research

7 Conclusions

References

37 Disaster Risk Reduction Begins at School: Research in Bangladesh Highlights Education as a Key Success Factor for Building Disaster Ready and Resilient Communities—A Manifesto for Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Education

Abstract

1 Introduction: Education Is the Sine Qua Non for Human Flourishing

2 Bangladesh and Education: Research Rationale and Intended Contribution

2.1 Windstorms

2.2 Flooding

2.3 Erosion

3 Research Design and Methodology

3.1 World Vision Research Study: Heightening Community Level Disaster Preparedness

3.2 Doctoral Case Study Research into Rural-Urban Human Migration

3.3 Doctoral Case Study Research into Coastal Zone Management

4 Results and Key Research Findings

4.1 A Significant Proportion of Bangladeshis Has Had Limited Access to Education

4.2 Qualitative Results Revealed a Significant Interest in Disaster Risk Education

5 Discussion: Causes and Consequences of Non-education

5.1 Impediments to Education

5.2 Consequences of Non-education

5.3 Towards Synthesis: Education Raises Options for Disaster Preparedness

6 Conclusion: Promoting a Culture of Disaster Readiness in Children

7 Research Limitations and Opportunities for Further Research

8 Epilogue: Dignity Through Inclusivity and ‘Bi-Directional Learning’

Acknowledgements

References

38 Stirring up Trouble: Museums as Provocateurs and Change Agents in Polycentric Alliances for Climate Change Action

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Hot Science, Global Citizens: The Agencies of the Museum Sector in Climate Change Interventions

3 Roles and Agencies in Polycentric Governance

3.1 Places that Communicate the Up-to-Date Science of Climate Change

3.2 Places to Present a Range of Views on Climate Change Issues Including Those of Scientists, Government, Economists, Industry Leaders and Diverse Communities

3.3 Places that Take a Critical Stance on Climate Change Policy and Decisions

3.4 Places that Lobby on Climate Change Matters

3.5 Places that Provide a Forum for Debate and Discussion for Individuals, Communities, Organisations Locally and Globally to Express Their Views on Climate Change

3.6 Places that Act as Part of Networks for Individuals, Communities and Organisations with an Interest in Climate Change

3.7 Places that Provide Access to a Range of Resources on Climate Change

3.8 Places to Critically Examine Climate Change as a Cultural, Political, Technological, Economic and Scientific Issue

3.9 Places to Promote Collective Action in Climate Change Debates and Decisions

3.10 Places that Promote Climate Change Action by Providing Information on How Individuals Might Change Their Lifestyles and Consumer Choices

3.11 Places that Promote Climate Change Action by Providing Information on How Individuals Might Change Their Lifestyles and Consumer Choices

3.12 Places that Lead Opinion on Ways to Reduce Emissions and Shape Future Lifestyle Choices

3.13 Instituting Ecologizing Experimentations: A New Role for Museums

4 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

470337_1_En_2_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf

2 Climate Change Engagement: A Different Narrative

Abstract

1 Introduction

1.1 Building the Future

2 Calls for Public Engagement and Broad Partnerships Around Climate Change and Sustainability

2.1 What the Public Think—and Do—About Climate Change

2.2 And What People Think Other People Think About Social Problems

3 How Museums Can Create Public Value Around Climate Change

3.1 The Challenge of Climate Change Engagement

3.2 The Purpose of Climate Change Programming

3.3 Redefining Engagement

3.4 Elements of a New Story—A Set of ‘Shoulds’ for Museums and the Society They Serve

4 Considering Climate Change in Interpretation and Engagement—Some Examples

5 Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References