OpenFOAM® - Selected Papers of the 11th Workshop

Preface

Contents

Added Mass Partitioned Fluid–Structure Interaction Solver Based on a Robin Boundary Condition for Pressure

1 Introduction

2 Mathematical Model

2.1 Fluid Governing Equations

2.2 Solid Governing Equations

2.3 Conditions at the Fluid–Solid Interface

2.4 Robin Boundary Condition for Pressure

3 Numerical Model

3.1 Discretisation of the Computational Domain

3.2 Discretisation of the Governing Equations

3.3 Solution Procedure for Fluid and Solid Models

3.4 Solution Procedure for Fluid–Structure Interaction

4 Numerical Results

4.1 Wave Propagation in an Elastic Tube

4.2 Enclosed Domain: A Balloon-Type Problem

5 Conclusions

References

CAD-Based Parameterization for Adjoint Optimization

1 Introduction

1.1 Boundary Representation

1.2 NURBS Curves and Surfaces

1.3 Connecting CAD to CFD

2 Meshing of the CAD Surfaces

2.1 Using Dimensionless Parameters

2.2 Using an Octree Mesh as a Background Mesh

2.3 Using the Advancing Front Method for Meshing the Surfaces

3 Changing the Shape of BRep Models

3.1 Adjoint-Based Optimization and the Continuous Adjoint Technique

3.2 Volumetric NURBS Free Form Deformation

3.3 Fitting the Displaced Surface Mesh

4 Conclusions

References

Cavitating Flow in a 3D Globe Valve

1 Introduction

2 Numerical Approach

2.1 Governing Equations

2.2 Cavitation Model

2.3 Turbulence Model

2.4 Computational Domain

2.5 Numerical Methodology

3 Results

3.1 Operating Conditions

3.2 Influence of Turbulence on pv

3.3 Flow Topology

3.4 Flow Curve

3.5 Forces on the Stem

4 Conclusions

References

CFD Analysis and Optimisation of Tidal Turbine Arrays Using OpenFOAM®

1 Introduction

1.1 Esturine Tidal Energy

1.2 Lift/Drag Turbine

1.3 Project Aims

2 Detailed CFD

3 Immersed Body Force Method

3.1 Validation

3.2 Farm Modelling

4 Optimisation

5 Conclusions

References

Combining an OpenFOAM®-Based Adjoint Solver with RBF Morphing for Shape Optimization Problems on the RBF4AERO Platform

1 Introduction

2 Continuous Adjoint Formulation

3 RBF-Based Morphing

4 Optimization Algorithm

5 Applications

6 Conclusions

References

Development of a Combined Euler-Euler Euler-Lagrange Slurry Model

1 Introduction

2 Current OpenFOAM Models

3 Solver Development

3.1 Mesh/Baffles/Regions

3.2 Interpolation

3.3 Addition of Particles to the Solver

4 Initial Test of Model

4.1 First Phase Velocity Comparison

4.2 Particle Comparison

5 Future Development and Conclusion

References

Development of Data-Driven Turbulence Models in OpenFOAM®: Application to Liquid Fuel Nuclear Reactors

1 Introduction

2 Application of State-of-the-Art Turbulence Models for the BFS

3 Optimization of a k–? Model with GEATFOAM

4 A Nonlinear Quadratic Closure for the Anisotropy Tensor Developed with the GEATFOAM Tool

5 Conclusions

References

Differential Heating as a Strategy for Controlling the Flow Distribution in Profile Extrusion Dies

1 Introduction

2 Die-Design Methodology

3 Numerical Modeling

3.1 Governing Equations

4 Case Study

4.1 Material Characterization

4.2 Geometry and Mesh

4.3 Numerical Trials and Results

4.4 Experimental Assessment

5 Conclusions

References

Drag Model for Coupled CFD-DEM Simulations of Non-spherical Particles

1 Introduction

2 Modeling of Non-spherical Particles

2.1 Drag Forces on Non-spherical Particles

3 Drag Model Development

4 Application

5 Conclusions

References

Effects of Surface Textures on Gravity-Driven Liquid Flow on an Inclined Plate

1 Introduction

2 Numerical Model

2.1 Model Equations

2.2 Computational Domain and Simulation Set-Up

3 Results and Discussion

4 Conclusion

References

Enhanced Turbomachinery Capabilities for Foam-Extend: Development and Validation

1 Introduction

2 Mathematical Model

3 Validation and Discussion

3.1 Aachen Test Case: Partial Overlap GGI Approach

3.2 Aachen Test Case: Mixing Plane Approach

3.3 Global Pump Parameters Comparison

4 Conclusion

References

Evaluation of Energy Maximising Control Systems for Wave Energy Converters Using OpenFOAM®

1 Introduction

1.1 Outline of Chapter

2 OpenFOAM® in Wave Energy Applications

3 Evaluating Energy Maximisation Control Systems

4 Illustrative Example

4.1 Implementation

4.2 Results

5 Conclusion

References

Floating Potential Boundary Condition in OpenFOAM®

1 Introduction

2 Theoretical Background

3 Implementation in OpenFOAM®

4 Examples

5 Conclusions

References

Fluid Dynamic and Thermal Modeling of the Injection Molding Process in OpenFOAM®

1 Introduction

2 Governing Equations

2.1 Fluid Dynamic Equations

2.2 Thermal Modeling

2.3 Multiphase Modeling

2.4 Material Models

2.5 Modeling Processing Steps of Injection Molding

3 Experiments

3.1 Processing Conditions

3.2 Measurement Errors

4 Validation

4.1 Filling Phase

4.2 Packing Phase

4.3 Cooling Phase

4.4 Parameter study

5 Conclusion

References

Free-Surface Dynamics in Induction Processing Applications

1 Introduction

2 Magnetodynamics

3 Hydrodynamics

4 Mesh Motion

5 Multi-mesh Multi-physics

5.1 Parallelisation

5.2 Magnetohydrodynamic Solution

5.3 Improved Surface-Tracking Method

6 Application Examples

7 Conclusion

References

GEN-FOAM: An OpenFOAM®-Based Multi-physics Solver for Nuclear Reactor Analysis

1 Introduction

2 The GeN-Foam Multi-physics Solver

2.1 Neutron Transport

2.2 Thermal-Mechanics

2.3 Thermal-Hydraulics

2.4 Fuel Temperatures

2.5 Coupling Strategy

3 Discussion and Conclusions

References

Harmonic Balance Method for Turbomachinery Applications

1 Introduction

2 Mathematical Model

2.1 Passive Scalar Transport

2.2 Incompressible Fluid Flow

3 Results

4 Conclusion

References

Implementation of a Flexible and Modular Multiphase Framework for the Analysis of Surface-Tension-Driven Flows Based on a Hybrid LS-VOF Approach

1 Introduction

2 Mathematical Formulation

2.1 Governing Equations

2.2 The Simplified LS-VOF Method

2.3 Implementation of the Thermal Marangoni Migration Method in OpenFOAM®

3 Solver Validation

4 Conclusions and Future Directions

References

Implicitly Coupled Pressure–Velocity Solver

1 Introduction

2 Mathematical and Numerical Model

2.1 Incompressible Formulation

2.2 Compressible Formulation

3 Validation and Benchmarking

3.1 Validation of the Compressible Coupled Solver

3.2 Validation and Benchmarking of the Incompressible Coupled Solver

4 Conclusion

References

Improving the Numerical Stability of Steady-State Differential Viscoelastic Flow Solvers in OpenFOAM®

1 Introduction

2 Governing Equations and Numerical Procedure

3 Case Studies

3.1 Flow in a 4:1 Planar Sudden Contraction

3.2 Flow Around a Confined Cylinder

4 Conclusions

References

IsoAdvector: Geometric VOF on General Meshes

1 The Interfacial Flow Equations

2 IsoAdvector for Interface Advection

2.1 Interface Reconstruction

2.2 Interface Advection

2.3 Bounding

3 Pure Advection Tests

3.1 Notched Disc in Solid Body Rotation

3.2 Sphere in Shear Flow

4 Using isoAdvector in interFoam

5 The damBreak Case

6 Steady Stream Function Wave

7 Summary

References

Liquid Atomization Modeling in OpenFOAM®

1 Introduction

2 ELSA-Base

3 Quasi-Multiphase Eulerian Approach

4 ELSA-ICM Approach

References

Lubricated Contact Model for Cold Metal Rolling Processes

1 Introduction

2 Mathematical Model

2.1 Asperity Contact Model

2.2 Lubricant Flow Model

2.3 Implementation of Numerical Models

3 Results and Discussion

3.1 Sheet Rolling

3.2 Wire Rolling

4 Conclusion

References

Modeling of Turbulent Flows in Rectangular Ducts Using OpenFOAM®

1 Introduction

2 Experimental Setup

2.1 Preston Tube

2.2 Irwin Probes

3 Numerical Setup

4 Results and Discussion

4.1 Experimental Results

4.2 Calibration of the Irwin Probes

4.3 Numerical Results

5 Velocity Influence

5.1 Preliminary Results of the Rectangular Duct with Variable Section

6 Conclusions

References

Numerical Approach for Possible Identification of the Noisiest Zones on the Surface of a Centrifugal Fan Blade

1 Introduction

2 Theory

2.1 Geometry of the Problem

2.2 Estimation of the Acoustic Field (FW&H Analogy)

2.3 Proper Orthogonal Decomposition

2.4 Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)

3 Application

3.1 Geometry, Spatial Discretization, and Boundary Conditions

3.2 Governing Equations and Time Discretization

3.3 POD Analysis and Interpretation

3.4 SVD Analysis and Interpretation

3.5 Conclusion

References

Numerical Modeling of Flame Acceleration and Transition from Deflagration to Detonation Using OpenFOAM®

1 Introduction

2 Governing Equations

2.1 Solution Algorithms

2.2 Transition from Low Mach Number to High Mach Number Flows

3 Case Study

4 Results and Discussion

4.1 Predictions Using the Pressure-Based Solver

4.2 Predictions Using the Density-Based Solver

5 Conclusion

References

Open-Source 3D CFD of a Quadrotor Cyclogyro Aircraft

1 Background

2 CFD Model

2.1 Mesh Generation

2.2 Isolated Airframe Mesh

2.3 Rotor Model

2.4 Entire Aircraft Mesh

2.5 Final Mesh Tuning

2.6 Validation

3 Domain Decomposition Parallelization

4 Closing Remarks

References

A Review of Shape Distortion Methods Available in the OpenFOAM® Framework for Automated Design Optimisation

1 Introduction

2 Grid Deformation and Regeneration Techniques

2.1 snappyHexMesh

2.2 Grid Distortion Methods

2.3 Immersed Boundary Method (IBM)

3 Conclusions

References

Simulating Polyurethane Foams Using the MoDeNa Multi-scale Simulation Framework

1 Introduction

2 Governing Equations

2.1 Reaction Kinetics

2.2 Bubble-Scale Model

2.3 Modeling the Macroscopic Scale

3 The MoDeNa Software Framework

3.1 Design Philosophy

3.2 Scale Coupling

3.3 Software Components

3.4 Coupling of Macro- and Bubble-Scale Models

4 MoDeNa as a Functional Piece in Applications

4.1 Defining Surrogate Models

4.2 Embedding Surrogate Models into OpenFOAM®

4.3 Overall Simulation Workflow

5 Physical Properties and Operating Conditions

6 Results and Discussion

7 Conclusions

References

Simulation of a Moving-Bed Reactor and a Fluidized-Bed Reactor by DPM and MPPIC in OpenFOAM®

1 Introduction

2 Physical Models

2.1 Discrete Particle Method (DPM)

2.2 Multiphase Particle-In-Cell (MPPIC)

3 Implementation Strategy in OpenFOAM®

4 Results for the Moving-Bed Reactor

4.1 Case Setup

4.2 Results and Discussion

5 Results for the Fluidized-Bed Reactor

5.1 Lab-Scale Fluidized-Bed Reactor

5.2 Industrial-Scale Fluidized-Bed Reactor

6 Conclusion

References

Simulation of Particulate Fouling and its Influence on Friction Loss and Heat Transfer on Structured Surfaces using Phase-Changing Mechanism

1 Introduction

2 Multiphase Approach for the Simulation of Particulate Fouling

2.1 Lagrangian Branch

2.2 Eulerian Branch

2.3 Computational Grid and Boundary Conditions

3 Results

3.1 Validation

3.2 Particulate Fouling on Structured Heat Transfer Surfaces

4 Conclusion

References

solidificationMeltingSource: A Built-in fvOption in OpenFOAM® for Simulating Isothermal Solidification

1 Introduction

1.1 fvOptions

1.2 Background on Isothermal Solidification

2 Governing Equations

2.1 Conservation Equations

2.2 Derivation of the Equations for Source Terms

3 Implementation in solidificationMeltingSource

4 Problem Statement and Simulation Setup

5 Results

6 Conclusions

References

Study of OpenFOAM® Efficiency for Solving Fluid–Structure Interaction Problems

1 Introduction

2 Governing Equations

3 Numerical Methods

3.1 OpenFOAM®: A Fluid–Structure Interaction Analysis Using the Finite Volume Method

3.2 Kratos: Particle Finite Element Method with Fixed Mesh

3.3 Vortex Element Method

3.4 LS-STAG Method

4 Numerical Simulation

4.1 Flow Simulation Around the Fixed Airfoil

4.2 Wind Resonance Simulation

4.3 Hysteresis Simulation

5 Comparison of the Considered Numerical Methods

6 Conclusion

References

The Harmonic Balance Method for Temporally Periodic Free Surface Flows

1 Introduction

2 Harmonic Balance Method

2.1 Mathematical Model

2.2 Coupling of Steady-State Equations

3 Test Cases

3.1 2D Ramp Test Case

3.2 DTMB Wave Diffraction Test Case

4 Conclusion

References

Two-Way Coupled Eulerian–Eulerian Simulations of a Viscous Snow Phase with Turbulent Drag

1 Introduction

2 The Drifting Snow Viscosity Model

3 Validation

3.1 Validation Experiment

3.2 Simulation Setup

3.3 Results and Discussion

4 Conclusions and Future Work

References

Use of OpenFOAM® for the Investigation of Mixing Time in Agitated Vessels with Immersed Helical Coils

1 Computational Fluid Dynamics in the Chemical Industry

1.1 Agitated Vessels in the Chemical Industry

2 Heat Exchange in Stirred Vessels

3 Investigated Object

4 Measurement Approach

4.1 Velocity Field via Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)

4.2 Concentration Field via Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF)

5 Mixing Time

5.1 Definition of Mixing Time

5.2 Simulation of Mixing Processes

6 Velocity Field

7 Tracing via Passive Scalar Transport on Existing Velocity Fields

8 Determination of Mixing Time at Probe Locations

9 Determination of Global Mixing Time

10 Time Resolution for Scalar Transport

11 Validation of CFD Results

12 Conclusions and Outlook

References

Wind Turbine Diffuser Aerodynamic Study with OpenFOAM®

1 Introduction

2 Analytical Framework

3 Numerical Setup

4 Results

5 Conclusions

References

Index