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Light Metals 2019

Light Metals 2019

Corleen Chesonis

 

Verlag Springer-Verlag, 2019

ISBN 9783030058647 , 1548 Seiten

Format PDF, OL

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Light Metals 2019


 

Preface

5

Contents

6

About the Editor

22

Program Organizers

23

Aluminum Committee 2018–2022

30

Part I Alumina & Bauxite: Bayer Process and Non-conventional Processing

32

1 Advances in Beneficiation of Low-Grade Bauxite

33

2 Leaching Kinetics of Thermally-Activated, High Silica Bauxite

41

3 Rheological Improvements in Alumina Industry Clarification Circuits

48

4 Improving the Reliability of Fluidized Bed Alumina Calciners by Suitable Refractory Lining Selection

56

5 Valorization of Bauxite Residue: A Challenge that Leads to a Mentality Shift and Eventually Innovation

62

6 Synchronous Desulfurization and Desilication of Low-Grade and High-Sulfur Bauxite by a Flotation Process

63

7 Preparing Alumina by an Electrolytic Method from Sulfuric Acid Leachate of Coal Fly Ash

67

Part II Alumina & Bauxite: Bauxite Residue: Management and Valorization

72

8 Use of Two Filtration Stages for Bauxite Residue

73

9 Environmental Friendly Transformation of the First and Oldest Alumina Refinery in the World

83

10 Accelerating Bauxite Residue Remediation with Microbial Biotechnology

94

11 Simulation and Experiment Study on Carbonization Process of Calcified Slag with Different Ventilation Modes

103

12 An Ecological Approach to the Rehabilitation of Bauxite Residue

110

13 Quantitative X-Ray Diffraction Study into Bauxite Residue Mineralogical Phases

116

14 Technospheric Mining of Rare Earth Elements and Refractory Metals from Bauxite Residue

123

15 Migration of Iron, Aluminum and Alkali Metal Within Pre-reduced-Smelting Separation of Bauxite Residue

128

Part III Aluminum Alloys, Processing and Characterization: Aluminum Alloy Development

133

16 Influence of Amine Additives on the Electrodeposition of Aluminum from AlCl?-Dimethyl Sulfone Electrolytes

134

17 Determination of the Intermetallic ?-Phase Crystal Structure in Aluminum Alloys Solidified at Rapid Cooling Rates

139

18 Comparison of the Effects of B?C and SiC Reinforcement in Al-Si Matrix Alloys Produced via PM Method

146

19 The Effects of Manganese (Mn) Addition and Laser Parameters on the Microstructure and Surface Properties of Laser Deposited Aluminium Based Coatings

152

20 Understanding the Role of Cu and Clustering on Strain Hardening and Strain Rate Sensitivity of Al-Mg-Si-Cu Alloys

159

21 Production of the AA2196-TiB? MMCs via PM Technology

168

22 Retrogression-Reaging Behavior in Aluminum AA6013-T6 Sheet

173

Part IV Aluminum Alloys, Processing and Characterization: Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys

179

23 Advanced Characterization of the Cyclic Deformation and Damage Behavior of Al-Si-Mg Cast Alloys Using Hysteresis Analysis and Alternating Current Potential Drop Method

180

24 3-D Microstructural Distribution and Mechanical Analysis of HPDC Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloys via X-Ray Tomography

189

25 Conditions for Retrogression Forming Aluminum AA7075-T6 Sheet

198

26 Influence of Silicon Phase Particles on the Thermal Conductivity of Al-Si Alloys

203

27 Influence of Microstructure Development on Mechanical Properties of AlSi7MgCu Alloy

209

28 Fabrication and Characterization of Open Cell Aluminum Foams by Polymer Replication Method

218

29 Hot and Cold Rolling Behavior of AA5083 Aluminium Alloy

225

Part V Aluminum Alloys, Processing and Characterization: Behavior of Casting Alloys

233

30 Study on Tensile Behavior of High Vacuum Die-Cast AlSiMgMn Alloys

234

31 The Effect of Manganese and Strontium on Iron Intermetallics in Recycled Al-7% Si Alloy

242

32 The Effect of Thermo-Mechanical Processing on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Modified SIMA Treated Al-7Si Alloy

248

33 Elevated-Temperature Low-Cycle Fatigue Behaviors of Al-Si 356 and 319 Foundry Alloys

257

34 High Conductivity Al-Si-Mg Foundry Alloys—Market, Production, Optimization and Development

264

35 Influence of Die Soldering on Die Erosion and Soldering Layer Between Al Melts and Die in Al-Si-Fe Alloys

275

Part VI Aluminum Alloys, Processing and Characterization: Simulations and Studies of Processing

281

36 Coupled Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Analysis of Ageing Heat Furnace

282

37 The Influence of the Distance Between the Plate and the Top Nozzles During the Soft Quenching Process of the 6061 Aluminium Alloy Plates

288

38 Numerical Investigation on the Motion of Free-Floating Crystals During DC Casting of Aluminum Alloys

297

39 Numerical Modelling, Microstructural Evolution and Characterization of Laser Cladded Al-Sn-Si Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

306

40 The Influence of Quenching and Stretching Process Conditions of Aluminium Alloy Plates on Residual Stresses

315

41 Characteristics of Surface Properties of Aluminum Flat Products Related with Different Annealing Temperature and Cleaning Properties

323

42 Comparative Electrochemical and Intergranular Corrosion-Resistance Testing of Wrought Aluminium Alloys

330

43 Nature of Grain Boundary Precipitates and Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior in Al 7075 and 7079 Alloys

339

Part VII Aluminum Alloys, Processing and Characterization: Characterizations and Applications of Aluminum Alloys

347

44 Effect of Homogenization on Al-Fe-Si Centerline Segregation of Twin-Roll Cast Aluminum Alloy AA 8011

348

45 Effect of Mg and Si Content in Aluminum Alloys on Friction Surfacing Processing Behavior

353

46 Mechanical Properties Evolution for 8xxx Foil Stock Materials by Alloy Optimization—Literature Review and Experimental Research

360

47 Effects of Zr Additions on Structure and Microhardness Evolution of Eutectic Al-6Ni Alloy

368

48 Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of an Al-Zr-Er High Temperature Alloy Microalloyed with Tungsten

373

49 Effect of Nickel Foil Thickness on Microstructure and Microhardness of Steel/Aluminium Alloy Dissimilar Laser Welding Joints

378

50 Residual Stress Characterization for Marine Gear Cases in As-Cast and T5 Heat Treated Conditions with Application of Neutron Diffraction

387

51 Microstructural and Dry Sliding Friction Studies of Aluminum Matrix Composites Reinforced PKS Ash Developed via Friction Stir Processing

392

Part VIII Aluminum Alloys, Processing and Characterization: Casting and Solidification

398

52 Comparison of Diversified Casting Methods on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of 5754 Aluminum Alloy for Automotive Applications

399

53 The Effect of High Speed Direct Chill Casting on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Mg-Si-Fe Alloy

406

54 Multi-Component High Pressure Die Casting (M-HPDC): Temperature Influence on the Bond Strength of Metal-Plastic-Hybrids Manufactured by M-HPDC

412

55 On Microstructures, Textures and Formability of AA6xxx Alloy Sheets from DC and CC Processing

418

56 Prototyping of a High Pressure Die Cast Al-Si Alloy Using Plaster Mold Casting to Replicate Corresponding Mechanical Properties

424

57 Reduction of Aluminium Ingot Cooling Time in DC Casting Process

432

58 Impact of the Main Casting Process Parameters on Floating Crystals in Al Alloy DC-Cast Ingots

440

Part IX Aluminum Alloys, Processing and Characterization: Poster Session I—Development of Aluminum Alloy Processing

449

59 Effect of Cu Addition on the Microstructure, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of a Piston Al-Si Alloy

450

60 Effects of Sc and Zr Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-3Cu-2Li Alloy

457

61 Effects on Microstructure Evolution of Al-9Si-0.3Mg Alloy by Pyrometallurgically Produced Sr Master Alloy

467

62 Microstructure Characterization and Properties of Cast Al-Si-Fe-Zn Alloys with High Thermal Conductivity

472

63 Effects of Ag on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Al-Mg Alloys

478

Part X Aluminum Alloys, Processing and Characterization: Poster Session II—Characterizations of Aluminum Alloys

483

64 The Preparation Methods and Application of Aluminum Foam

484

65 The Effects of Solidification Cooling Rates on the Mechanical Properties of an Aluminum Inline-6 Engine Block

488

66 Improvements for the Recognition Rate of Surface Defects of Aluminum Sheets

496

Part XI Aluminum Reduction Technology: Cell Technology Development and Modeling

502

67 How to Limit the Heat Loss of Anode Stubs and Cathode Collector Bars in Order to Reduce Cell Energy Consumption

503

68 Transformation of a Potline from Conventional to a Full Flexible Production Unit

514

69 Modernisation of Sumitomo S170 Cells at Boyne Smelters Limited

523

70 Environmental Aspects of UC RUSAL’s Aluminum Smelters Sustainable Development

533

71 Copper Insert Collector Bar for Energy Reduction in 360 KA Smelter

544

72 New Resource-Saving Technologies for Lining the Cathode with Un-shaped Lining Materials

552

73 Amperage Increase from 195 to 240 kA Through Pot Upgrading

561

Part XII Aluminum Reduction Technology: Cell Design and Modelling

570

74 A Transient Model of the Anodic Current Distribution in an Aluminum Electrolysis Cell

571

75 A Numerical Study of Gas Production and Bubble Dynamics in a Hall-Héroult Reduction Cell

580

76 Thermoelectrical Design of Startup Fuses for Aluminum Reduction Cells

589

77 Modelling Study of Exhaust Rate Impact on Heat Loss from Aluminium Reduction Cells

599

78 Finite Element Analysis of a Cylindrical Cathode Collector Bars Design

610

79 CFD Modeling of Alumina Diffusion and Distribution in Aluminum Smelting Cells

618

80 Study on Side Ledge Behavior Under Current Fluctuations Based on Coupled Thermo-electric Model

619

Part XIII Aluminum Reduction Technology: Joint Session Alumina Feeding and Alumina Scale Formation

628

81 Alumina Feeding and Raft Formation: Raft Collection and Process Parameters

629

82 Evolution of Mechanical Resistance of Alumina Raft Exposed to the Bath in Hall-Héroult Cells

637

83 Dynamic Modelling of Alumina Feeding in an Aluminium Electrolysis Cell

644

84 Development of a Mathematical Model to Follow Alumina Injection

652

85 The Micro- and Macrostructure of Alumina Rafts

658

86 Alumina Scale Composition and Growth Rate in Distribution Pipes

666

87 Investigation on Scale Formation in Aluminium Industry by Means of a Cold-Finger

676

Part XIV Aluminum Reduction Technology: Joint Session with Electrode Technology

689

88 Dry Barrier Powder Performance Update

690

89 Investigation of Refractory Degradation in Hall-Héroult Cell

697

90 Thermogravimetric Analysis of Thermal Insulating Materials Exposed to Sodium Vapor

703

91 Innovative Anode Coating Technology to Reduce Anode Carbon Consumption in Aluminum Electrolysis Cells

711

92 Theory and Practice of High Temperature Gas Baking Technology for Aluminium Electrolysis Cells

719

93 Research and Application of Direct Welding Technology on Super Large Section Conductor

726

Part XV Aluminum Reduction Technology: Fundamentals in Cell Behavior, Inert Anodes and Other Research

735

94 Transfer Processes in the Bath of High Amperage Aluminium Reduction Cell

736

95 Microstructure and Properties Analysis of Aluminium Smelter Crust

741

96 Sideledge in Aluminium Cells: Further Considerations Concerning the Trench at the Metal-Bath Boundary

748

97 In Situ Evolution of the Frozen Layer Under Cold Anode

755

98 Aluminum Electrolysis with Multiple Vertical Non-consumable Electrodes in a Low Temperature Electrolyte

763

99 Anode Overvoltages on the Industrial Carbon Blocks

771

100 Development of a Drag Probe for In Situ Velocity Measurement of Molten Aluminum in Electrolysis Cell

777

Part XVI Aluminum Reduction Technology: Environmental Issues including PFC Emissions

786

101 Understanding of Co-evolution of PFC Emissions in EGA Smelter with Opportunities and Challenges to Lower the Emissions

787

102 Results from Fluoride Emission Reduction Projects in Alcoa Baie-Comeau

795

103 Validation of PFC Slope at Alcoa Canadian Smelters with Anode Effect Assessment and Future Implications to Add Low Voltage Emissions into Total PFC Emissions

806

104 SPL as a Carbon Injection Source in an EAF: A Process Study

813

105 Migration Behavior of Fluorides in Spent Potlining During Vacuum Distillation Method

823

106 HF and SO? Multipoint Monitoring on Large Gas Treatment Centers (GTCs) with Prewarning Abilities

829

107 DFT Study on COS Oxidation Reaction Mechanism

835

Part XVII Aluminum Reduction Technology: Cell Operations, Control and Improvements

841

108 Lengthy Power Interruptions and Pot Line Shutdowns

842

109 High Amperage Operation at Alcoa Deschambault Booster Section

851

110 Potroom Operations Contributing to Fugitive Roof Dust Emissions from Aluminium Smelters

858

111 Advancement in Control Logic of Hindalco Low Amperage Pots

866

Part XVIII Aluminum Reduction Technology: Poster Session

874

112 Study on Preparation of Lithium Carbonate from Lithium-Rich Electrolyte

875

113 The Application of the “Remote Data-Diagnosis Technology Service” (RDTS) for Aluminum Pot Line

880

Part XIX Cast Shop Technology: EHS and Cast House Operation

887

114 No Personnel in Hazard Zones

888

115 The Industrial Application of Molten Metal Analysis (LIBS)

893

116 Sheet Ingot Casting Improvements at TRIMET Essen

901

117 Automated Billet Surface Inspection

908

118 Optical Emission Spectrometry (OES) Data-Driven Inspection of Inclusions in Wrought Aluminium Alloys

914

119 Hydrogen Measurements Comparison in EN-AW 5083 Alloy

920

Part XX Cast Shop Technology: Casting and Cast House Products

928

120 Macrosegregation Modelling of Large Sheet Ingots Including Grain Motion, Solidification Shrinkage and Mushy Zone Deformation

929

121 Effect of Reversing Rotational Magnetic Field on Grain Size Refinement

937

122 A Reduction in Hot Cracking via Microstructural Modification in DC Cast Billets

944

123 Analysis of the Interplay Between Thermo-solutal Convection and Equiaxed Grain Motion in Relation to Macrosegregation Formation in AA5182 Sheet Ingots

951

124 Grain Refinement of Commercial EC Grade 1370 Aluminium Alloy for Electrical Applications

958

125 Effects of CO? Cover Gas and Yttrium Additions on the Oxidation of AlMg Alloys

967

126 Behaviour of Aluminium Carbide in Al-Melts During Re-melting

975

127 Study of Controllable Inclusion Addition Methods in Al Melt

982

Part XXI Cast Shop Technology: Melt Treatment

990

128 Furnace Atmosphere and Dissolved Hydrogen in Aluminium

991

129 Miniature Vacuum Degassing System

997

130 Impact of the Filter Roughness on the Filtration Efficiency for Aluminum Melt Filtration

1003

131 Influence of the Wetting Behavior on the Aluminum Melt Filtration

1010

132 Aluminium Filtration by Bonded Particle Filters

1019

133 Evaluation of Filtration Efficiency of Ceramic Foam Filters (CFF) Using a Hydraulic Water System

1027

134 Drain Free Filtration (DFF)—A New CFF Technology

1034

135 Laboratory Scale Study of Reverse Priming in Aluminium Filtration

1042

136 Estimation of Aluminum Melt Filtration Efficiency Using Automated Image Acquisition and Processing

1049

Part XXII Cast Shop Technology: Continuous Casting

1057

137 Horizontal Single Belt Casting of Aluminum Sheet Alloys

1058

138 Cast Strip Surface Topography Study and Thermomechanical Processing of 1050 Alloy Produced by One Copper Shell Roll Caster

1066

139 Influence of Strip Thickness on As-Cast Material Properties of Twin-Roll Cast Aluminum Alloys

1071

140 Softening Behavior of Direct Chill and Twin-Roll Cast AA 3105 Alloy

1076

Part XXIII Cast Shop Technology: Energy Joint Session

1081

141 Aluminum Holding Furnace Optimal Design Using the CFD Method and Factorial Approach

1082

142 Artificial Intelligence to Optimize Melting Processes: An Approach Combining Data Acquisition and Modeling

1089

143 Oxy-Fuel Technologies for Improved Efficiency in Aluminum Scrap Melting

1095

144 Electromagnetic Transfer and Circulation (ETAC) of Molten Aluminum Metal and Its Alloys

1103

145 Optimized Electromagnetic Stirring in Melting and Holding Furnaces

1109

Part XXIV Electrode Technology for Aluminum Production: Electrodes—Raw Materials and Paste Plant

1114

146 Changing the Fineness of Calcined Petroleum Coke with Ball Race Mills

1115

147 How to Appreciate the Coal Tar Pitch Impregnation on Coke Material?

1122

148 A Study of Elastic and Crack Resistance Properties of the Anode Carbon Material

1131

149 Challenges and Opportunities of Vacuum Compaction: Lessons Learnt from Retrofitting EGA-JA Paste Plant to Vacuum Compaction

1138

150 Carbon Block Tracking Package Based on Vision Technology

1146

151 Physical and Chemical Characterization of Bio-Pitch as a Potential Binder for Anode

1154

152 Anode Quality Monitoring Using Advanced Data Analytics

1161

153 Reactivity of Coke in Relation to Sulfur Level and Microstructure

1170

Part XXV Electrode Technology for Aluminum Production: Electrodes—Baking

1177

154 Development of a New Baking Furnace Design Without Headwall to Increase Anode Production Capacity

1178

155 Risk Assessment of Fire and Explosion Incident in Anode Baking Furnace and Operational Practices

1189

156 The Optimization of Soaking Time to Reduce Fuel Consumption While Keeping Good Baked Anode Quality

1195

157 Influence of Coke Calcining Level on Anode Real Density, L? and Other Properties Using a Constant Baking Cycle

1201

158 In Situ Monitoring of Pit Gas Composition During Baking of Anodes for Aluminum Electrolysis

1210

159 Measurement of Anode Anisotropy by Micro X-Ray Computed Tomography

1212

160 Experimental Study on Preparation of Prebake Anodes with High Sulfur Petroleum Coke Desulfurized at High Temperatures

1219

161 Electrochemical Behaviour of Carbon Anodes Produced with Different Mixing Temperatures and Baking Levels—A Laboratory Study

1228

Part XXVI Electrode Technology for Aluminum Production: Cathodes and Electrode Technology

1236

162 Carbon Cathode Wear in Aluminium Electrolysis Cells

1237

163 Observation on the Creep and Cracking of Graphite Cathode in Laboratory Aluminum Electrolysis

1239

164 Electrolytic Properties and Element Migration Behavior of Fe-TiB? Composite Cathode

1245

165 Chemical Properties of Chromium Oxide in KF-NaF-AlF? Based Low Temperature Electrolyte Melt

1251

Part XXVII Electrode Technology for Aluminum Production: Poster Session

1259

166 Study Finer Fines in Anode Formulation (Case Study: Almahdi Hormozal Aluminium Smelter)

1260

Part XXVIII REWAS 2019: Cast Shop Recycling Technologies: Cast Shop and Recycling Session

1264

167 LIBS Based Sorting—A Solution for Automotive Scrap

1265

168 A Method for Assessment of Recyclability of Aluminum from Incinerated Household Waste

1272

169 The Vertical Floatation Decoater for Efficient, High Metal Yield Decoating and Delacquering of Aluminum Scrap

1279

170 Positive Material Identification (PMI) Capabilities in the Metals Secondary Industry: An Analysis of XRF and LIBS Handheld Analyzers

1286

171 Aluminum Alloys in Autobodies: Sources and Sinks

1292

172 Manufacturing of Hydrogen on Demand Using Aluminum Can Scrap with Near Zero Waste

1295

173 Isothermal Hot Pressing of Skimmed Aluminium Dross: Influence of the Main Processing Parameters on In-House Molten-Metal Recovery

1298

Part XXIX Scandium Extraction and Use in Aluminum Alloys: Scandium Markets and Extraction

1302

174 Scandium Solvent Extraction

1303

175 Refining Technology of Scandium Concentrate Obtained from Bauxite Residue

1310

176 Improved Technology of Scandium Recovery from Solutions of Bauxite Residue Carbonation Leaching

1314

177 Experimental Study of Pre-concentration from Silicate Containing Rare Earth Ore with Scandium by Magnetic Separation

1321

Part XXX Scandium Extraction and Use in Aluminum Alloys: Aluminium Scandium Alloys

1327

178 Grain Refinement of Al4CuTi Based Alloy with Zr, Sc, Er and TiB?

1328

179 Optimised Composition and Process Design to Develop Sc-Enhanced Wrought Al-Si Alloys

1335

180 Developments in Aluminum-Scandium-Ceramic and Aluminum-Scandium-Cerium Alloys

1343

181 Developing an Optimized Homogenization Process for Sc and Zr Containing Al-Mg-Si Alloys

1348

182 Effect of Scandium on Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of 5 Series Aluminium Alloys

1357

183 Heat Treatments for Precipitation of Scandium-Containing Dispersoids in an Si-Containing Aluminum Alloys

1364

184 Effect of Mg Content on Al?Sc-Dispersoid Formation in Cast Billets of Al-Mg-Sc Alloys

1369

Part XXXI TMS-DGM Symposium on Lightweight Metals: A Joint US-European Symposium on Challenges in Light Weighting the Transportation Industry: Aluminum

1372

185 A Novel Flexible SSM and HPDC Equipment to Process Secondary Aluminium Alloys for Decarbonising Lightweight Parts in Automotive Sector

1373

186 The Effects of Strontium Addition on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Al-7Si Alloy Reinforced with In Situ Al?Ti Particulates

1382

187 Mechanical and Microstructural Characterization of Ultrasonic Metal Welded Large Cross Section Aluminum Wire/Copper Terminal Joints

1388

188 The Dependence of Local Strain Distribution on Quench Rate for Extruded Al-Mg-Si-Mn-Fe Alloys

1396

189 The Effect of Through Thickness Texture Variation on the Anisotropic Mechanical Response of an Extruded Al-Mn-Fe-Si Alloy

1399

190 Increasing the Strength and Electrical Conductivity of AA6101 Aluminum by Nanostructuring

1402

191 Assessing the Impact of Texture and Its Gradients on the Forming Limits of an AA6xxx Sheet Alloy

1409

Part XXXII Ultrasonic Processing of Liquid and Solidifying Alloys: Fundamental Studies of Ultrasonic Processing

1418

192 Investigation on Acoustic Streaming During Ultrasonic Irradiation in Aluminum Melts

1419

193 Acoustic Cavitation Measurements and Modeling in Liquid Aluminum

1424

194 Understanding the Highly Dynamic Phenomena in Ultrasonic Melt Processing by Ultrafast Synchrotron X-ray Imaging

1430

195 The Influence of Ultrasound on the Microstructure Formation During Solidification of A356 Ingots Processed via a 2-Zone Induction Melting Furnace

1436

196 Resonance from Contactless Ultrasound in Alloy Melts

1442

197 In Situ Tomographic Observation of Dendritic Growth in Mg/Al Matrix Composites

1451

198 Anomalous Nucleation in Undercooled Melts Processed by Electromagnetic Levitation

1458

199 Modeling of the Effect of Ultrasonic Frequency and Amplitude on Acoustic Streaming

1462

200 Mechanisms of Grain Formation During Ultrasonic Solidification of Commercial Purity Magnesium

1468

Part XXXIII Ultrasonic Processing of Liquid and Solidifying Alloys: Mechanisms and Applications of Ultrasonic Processing

1476

201 Effect of Ultrasonication on the Solidification Microstructure in Al and Mg-Alloys

1477

202 Development and Application of Large-Sized Sonotrode Systems for Ultrasonic Treatment of Molten Aluminum Alloys

1484

203 Altering the Microstructure Morphology by Ultrasound Melt Processing During 6XXX Aluminium DC-Casting

1492

204 Effect of Acoustic Streaming on Degassing Level of A356 Al Alloy by Ultrasonic Melt Treatment

1498

205 Cellular Automation Finite Element Modeling of the Evolution of the As-Cast Microstructure of an Ultrasonically Treated Al-2Cu Alloy

1503

206 In Situ Detection of Non-metallic Inclusions in Aluminum Melt (1xxx)—Comparison Between a Newly Developed Ultrasonic Technique and LiMCA and PoDFA Method

1509

207 Crystallization Behavior of Iron-Containing Intermetallic Compounds in Al-Si Alloy Under Ultrasonic Treatment

1516

208 Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dispersion-Strengthened Aluminum-Magnesium Alloys Obtained Using Ultrasonic Treatment of Melt

1521

Author Index

1525

Subject Index

1532